Organic foods are food items produced using processes without synthetics such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Inorganic foods, on the other hand, use synthetics to produce the finished food products. While a large movement exists that encourages the consumption of organic foods, some debate exists about the true benefits of eating organic foods.
Organic Foods
In addition to not using synthetics during the production process, organic foods are not genetically modified and do not contain any chemical food additives or solvents. Many industrialized countries including the United States require special certification for producers to list foods as organic. Therefore, organic food is distinct from private gardening or natural foods. Organic refers to both the food itself and the food production process used to produce the finished food product. In the United States, the Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 in combination with Title 7, Part 205 of the Code of Federal Regulations list the specific site requirements and standards required for producers to sell foods as organic.
Pros
There are several commonly associated benefits associated with organic foods. First, the organic farming process is good for the overall environment. Synthetic pesticides commonly used in the food production process can harm local wildlife. Additionally, organic farms typically produce less waste and use less energy. Consumers also benefit from organic foods by limiting exposure to potentially harmful synthetics. Further, several studies show that organic foods contain more nutrients than nonorganic foods.
Cons
The primary argument against the consumption of organic foods relates to food safety. While many individuals believe consuming organic foods is safer than consuming nonorganic foods, a lack of scientific evidence exists supporting this hypothesis. Further, the Food and Drug Administration has concluded that the limited amount of pesticides found in nonorganic foods does not cause or contribute to any health related issues. Additionally, organic food is generally more expensive than inorganic food items. This increased cost results from the increased production costs associated with producing organic foods.
Inorganic Foods
Inorganic Foods use synthetics during the production process. These synthetics commonly include chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Additionally, producers can also modify inorganic food items at a molecular or genetic level. This allows producers to cross-breed crops to produce hardier strains with higher quantities. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration regulates inorganic food items and determines the acceptable levels of synthetics that finished food products can contain.
Pros
The synthetic materials used in the production of inorganic food items can help to control contamination with potentially dangerous mold toxins and bacteria. Therefore, some individuals argue that although inorganic foods may contain trace amounts of pesticides, these synthetic substances pose less harm than the natural toxins potentially found in organic foods. Additionally, inorganic foods are cheaper than their organic counterparts, and the increased yields associated with inorganic food items can potentially help to feed the poor around the world more cost effectively. Further, the nutrient levels in organic foods can vary considerably, whereas inorganic foods typically contain standardized levels of nutrients in the same food items. Proponents of inorganic foods, therefore, maintain that these food items safely use modern technology to produce more cost effective food products.
Cons
Many of the synthetic substances found in inorganic food items do not have long term studies available confirming the safety of these substances over time. Therefore, the long-term effects of many synthetic substances are not known. Additionally, inorganic foods typically contain fewer nutrients than organic food items. Further, some evidence exists that the synthetic substances used to produce inorganic food items may cause long-term damage to the land, ultimately making the land less fertile or non-fertile.